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Rabab Al-Kadhimi, a prominent figure in Iraqi literature, was a feminist poet and dental surgeon. She made significant contributions to women’s poetry and left a lasting impact on the literary scene. Al-Kadhimi’s dedication to her craft, advocacy for women’s rights, and pursuit of education and professional success defined her life.
Dorothy Hodgkin was a British chemist who made significant contributions to X-ray crystallography. She confirmed the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12, revolutionizing medicine and winning her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Her work in understanding the structure of insulin also advanced our understanding of blood sugar regulation. Hodgkin’s research continues to impact drug development and the study of biological processes today.
Hatshepsut, the fifth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, reigned from around 1478 or 1479 BC until her death in 1458 BC. She took on the role of pharaoh after initially serving as regent for her stepson, Thutmose III. Hatshepsut adopted male attributes and attire to solidify her position as a ruler, and her reign brought unprecedented prosperity and peace. Her architectural projects, including the famous Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, showcased her legacy as both a leader and patron of the arts. Despite attempts to erase her from history, Hatshepsut remains an exceptional figure in ancient societies.
Engy Ayman Ghozlan, born in Cairo in 1985, is a prominent social activist and journalist who has dedicated her career to addressing the issue of sexual harassment of women in Egypt. She earned a bachelor’s degree in mass communication from Cairo University in 2007 and has since become a leading advocate for women’s rights in the country.
Rana el Kaliouby is an Egyptian-American computer scientist and entrepreneur who has made significant contributions to the field of Emotion AI. With a passion for technology, she pursued her education in computer science and earned degrees from the American University in Cairo and Newnham College, Cambridge. As the CEO of Affectiva, she has revolutionized the way machines perceive and respond to human emotions, making her a pioneer in the field. Her groundbreaking work has garnered recognition and numerous accolades throughout her career, solidifying her position as a leader in the industry.
Nelly Mazloum, an Egyptian actress, choreographer, dancer, and teacher, overcame childhood paralysis to become a prominent figure in the world of dance. Her exceptional talent and dedication led her to become the prima ballerina of the Royal Opera House in Cairo and transform Egypt’s traditional dances into a dramatized artistic form. Mazloum’s legacy continues to inspire dancers and celebrate Egyptian and Oriental dance.
Hanan Tork, a retired Egyptian actress and ballerina, began her artistic journey in ballet before transitioning to acting. Her breakthrough came when renowned director Youssef Chahine selected her for a role in his movie “El Mohager.” Hanan’s talent and dedication earned her recognition and nominations, and she has left a lasting impact on the Egyptian film industry.
Rawya Ateya was the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world in 1957. Despite facing obstacles, she defied expectations and became a symbol of progress and change. Ateya’s activism, education, and military service showcased her dedication to her country and paved the way for future generations of women in politics.
Nahla Ramadan Mohamed, a renowned Egyptian weightlifter, is known as the pioneer of weightlifting in Egypt, Africa, and the Arab world. With a notable career that includes appearances at the 2004 and 2012 Summer Olympics, Ramadan has made significant contributions to the sport. She achieved remarkable success, setting world records and winning numerous medals at international competitions. Ramadan’s inspiring journey was influenced by her upbringing in a family of weightlifters in Alexandria and her dedication to the sport.
Sara Samir Elsayed Mohamed Ahmed, an Egyptian weightlifter, has made history in her sport. She won a bronze medal in the women’s 69 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics and later secured the gold medal in the women’s 76 kg event at the 2022 World Weightlifting Championships. Her journey started in a family of weightlifters, including her father and older brother, who inspired her to pursue the sport. She has become a symbol of female empowerment in Egypt and continues to inspire athletes worldwide.
Hypatia (c. 350–370 – 415 AD) was a neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. She was renowned in her own lifetime as a great teacher and a wise counselor. Hypatia’s intellectual prowess and practical applications of mathematics and astronomy gained her acclaim and respect. Her tragic death at the hands of a mob shocked the empire and inspired future generations to oppose anti-intellectualism. Her legacy lives on as a symbol for intellectual freedom and the pursuit of knowledge.
Nawal El Saadawi, an Egyptian feminist writer, activist, and physician, dedicated her life to fighting for women’s rights and challenging patriarchal norms. Born in 1931, Saadawi grew up in a relatively liberal household that valued education for both girls and boys. Her experiences with gender violence and witnessing the discrimination faced by women in Egyptian society fueled her lifelong commitment to advocating for women’s rights. Saadawi’s contributions to women’s rights in Egypt and beyond earned her numerous awards and recognition, solidifying her legacy as a trailblazer in women’s history.
Huda Sha’arawi, a pioneering Egyptian feminist leader, played a prominent role in the Egyptian Revolution of 1919 and became the first president of the Wafdist Women’s Central Committee. She not only fought for women’s rights but also actively participated in Egyptian nationalism. Her memoir, “Modhakkerātī,” provides a valuable account of her life and experiences as an Egyptian feminist. Huda Sha’arawi’s contributions continue to inspire women worldwide in their pursuit of gender equality and social justice.
Ihsan El-Kousy (born in 1900) was the first Egyptian Muslim woman to graduate from the American University of Beirut. She played a significant role in promoting women’s education and empowerment in Egypt during the early 20th century.
Entisar Elsaeed, an Egyptian activist for women’s rights, has made a significant impact on Egyptian society through her tireless efforts and dedication. Focusing on issues like female genital mutilation and domestic abuse, Elsaeed has fought for stricter laws and raised awareness about these harmful practices. Her work extends beyond Egypt as she advocates for gender equality and education, making her a beacon of hope for women globally.
Soraya Bahgat is a Finnish-Egyptian social entrepreneur and women’s rights advocate, best known for founding Tahrir Bodyguard in 2012 to protect women from mob sexual assaults in Tahrir Square. Her efforts have gained international recognition and shed light on the experiences faced by Egyptian activists. Bahgat’s commitment to fighting for women’s equality and safety in Egypt is a testament to her deep-rooted dedication to challenging societal norms.
Taheyya Kariokka, also known as Tahiya Carioca, was an iconic Egyptian belly dancer and film actress who rose to fame during the “Golden Age” of Egyptian cinema. Despite a challenging upbringing and personal struggles, she became a versatile performer, renowned for her talent, charisma, and determination. Her influence on Egyptian culture and the art of belly dancing is indelible, making her a trailblazer and icon in women’s history.
Lotfia Elnadi, the first Egyptian woman to earn a pilot’s license, defied societal norms to pursue her passion for aviation. With determination and perseverance, she overcame challenges and became a trailblazer for women in the field. Her achievements left a lasting impact on Egyptian society and inspired generations of female pilots.
Neama Said Fahmi Said, born on November 15, 2002, is a celebrated Egyptian weightlifter who has made significant contributions to the sport. Her remarkable journey has seen her rise to the top, inspiring a new generation of athletes along the way.
Farida, the Queen of Egypt and the first wife of King Farouk, broke conventions by playing a public role and attending public functions. Her position as queen provided a unique opportunity for female emancipation in a culture that prioritized motherhood. Queen Farida’s contributions to women’s history include challenging societal norms and promoting the role of women in public life.