Born: 1957 (Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast, Russia)
Biography:
Yelena Vladimirovna Kondakova was a trailblazer in the field of space exploration. Born on March 30, 1957, in Mytishchi in the Moscow Oblast of Russia, she became the third Soviet or Russian female cosmonaut to travel to space and the first woman to make a long-duration spaceflight. Kondakova’s contributions to space exploration were not only groundbreaking but also played a significant role in shaping the history of women in space.
Kondakova’s passion for aviation and space began at a young age. She grew up near Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast, where she was raised alongside her older brother. In 1973, she graduated from high school in Kaliningrad, and in 1980, she earned her degree in aircraft production from the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Kondakova’s parents both worked at Energia, and initially, her father expressed concern about her taking on the role of a cosmonaut because of the dangers involved. However, his skepticism did not dampen Kondakova’s determination to pursue her dreams.
In 1980, Kondakova began her career as an engineer in the 113th department of NPO Energia, later known as the Rocket and Space Corporation Energia named after S.P. Korolev. Her work primarily focused on long-term planning of space flights, training personnel to work in emergencies, implementing scientific projects and experiments, and conducting research. During her tenure, she also became a member of the flight control group of the Salyut 7 space station from 1982 to 1985, gaining valuable experience and expertise.
In addition to her professional accomplishments, Kondakova also embarked on a personal journey of love and family. In 1985, she married fellow cosmonaut Valeri Ryumin, with whom she later had a daughter. However, their relationship faced challenges when Kondakova embarked on her first spaceflight in 1994. During her time away in space, her husband expressed his desire for a more traditional wife who would take care of the home and family. Energia, in response to Kondakova’s absence, appointed Ryumin to work from home and care for their daughter until her return.
Kondakova’s first spaceflight was on Soyuz TM-20 on October 4, 1994. She made history as the first woman to go on a long-duration spaceflight, spending a remarkable five months at the Mir space station. Her successful return to Earth on March 22, 1995, marked a tremendous achievement not only for herself but also for women in space.
Kondakova’s dedication and expertise led her to her second spaceflight as a mission specialist on the United States Space Shuttle Atlantis during the STS-84 mission in May 1997. This collaboration between Russia and the United States further solidified her position as a prominent figure in space exploration and highlighted her ability to work across international boundaries for the advancement of scientific knowledge.
Throughout her career, Kondakova’s contributions to the field of space exploration extended beyond her own missions. She played an active role in training astronauts, undertaking scientific projects, and ensuring the safety and success of future space missions. Kondakova’s work aligned with her passion and inspired future generations of women to pursue careers in STEM fields and break barriers in traditionally male-dominated industries.
In the history of women in space, Kondakova’s name stands out as a pioneer and role model. Her groundbreaking achievements shattered stereotypes and paved the way for women to participate in long-duration spaceflights. Although Kondakova was the last Russian woman in space until 2014 when cosmonaut Elena Serova flew to the International Space Station, her legacy continues to inspire and motivate women to reach for the stars.