Born: 1903 (Columbus, Ohio)
Died: 1994
Biography:
Ruth Ella Moore (May 19, 1903 in Columbus, Ohio – July 19, 1994) was an American bacteriologist and microbiologist, who, in 1933, became the first African-American woman to be awarded a Ph.D. in a natural science. She was a trailblazer in her field, making significant contributions to microbiology and serving as a role model for future generations.
Moore was born on May 19, 1903, in Columbus, Ohio, to Margaret Moore and William E. Moore. Growing up in a family that valued education and the arts, she was encouraged by her mother, a successful artist, to pursue higher education. She attended Ohio State University, where she obtained her Bachelor of Science degree in 1926 and her Master of Science degree in 1927. It was during her time at Ohio State University that Moore developed a passion for bacteriology and decided to pursue a career in research.
In 1933, Moore made history by becoming the first Black woman in the United States to earn a Ph.D. in the natural sciences, specifically in bacteriology. Her groundbreaking research focused on the tuberculosis bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She explored the dissociation of the bacterium and developed a new method of concentration on the tubercule bacilli, which greatly contributed to the understanding and eventual control of the disease. Her work became referenced in numerous articles, further advancing research in tuberculosis.
Following the completion of her Ph.D., Moore joined the faculty at Howard University College of Medicine in Washington, D.C. In 1940, she became an assistant professor of bacteriology, and in 1952, she assumed the role of department chair[10]. Moore’s appointment as department head marked a significant milestone, as she became the first woman to hold such a position at Howard University, a historically Black university. Determined to make her mark, Moore renamed the department of bacteriology to the department of microbiology, highlighting the broader scope of the field[11].
Throughout her career, Moore made substantial contributions to research in various areas of microbiology. She published studies on topics such as tuberculosis, immunology, dental caries, the response of gut microorganisms to antibiotics, and the blood types of African-Americans. Her dedication and expertise earned her recognition within the scientific community, and she was promoted to the position of associate professor of microbiology.
Although official personnel records have gaps, it is believed that Moore continued to teach and conduct research at Howard University until 1973. After her retirement, she held the position of associate professor emeritus of microbiology until 1990. Throughout her career, Moore’s influence extended beyond the laboratory. She served as a mentor and inspiration to aspiring scientists, particularly African-American women, encouraging them to pursue careers in science and breaking down barriers of discrimination.
Apart from her achievements in the field of microbiology, Moore had a talent for fashion design. She gained recognition for her unique and stylish designs, showcasing her creativity and versatility.
Ruth Ella Moore’s legacy as the first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. in a natural science and her contributions to microbiology and academia are immeasurable. Her determination, intellect, and perseverance paved the way for future generations of African-American women scientists. She continues to inspire individuals to pursue their passions, challenge societal norms, and make a lasting impact on their respective fields.