Born: July 8, 1821 (Watertown, Massachusetts)
Died: October 27, 1853
Biography:
Maria White Lowell (July 8, 1821 – October 27, 1853) was an American poet and abolitionist known for her significant contributions to literature and social activism during the mid-19th century.
Born in Watertown, Massachusetts, Maria White came from a middle-class, intellectual family. Her early life was shaped by a strict ascetic discipline at an Ursuline convent, which tragically was burned down by a mob in 1834. Despite this setback, her upbringing fostered a strong sense of discipline and intellectual curiosity.
Maria White became actively involved in various social movements, starting with the temperance movement. She strongly believed in the need for sobriety and fought for the promotion of temperance in society. She was also an early supporter of women’s rights and attended the first conversation organized by women’s rights advocate Margaret Fuller on November 6, 1839.
In 1840, Maria’s brother introduced her to his Harvard College classmate, James Russell Lowell, who would later become her husband. They became engaged in the autumn of 1840 but faced opposition from Maria’s father, Abijah White, who insisted on James Russell Lowell finding a stable job before they could be married. This delay did not deter Maria’s commitment to their relationship.
Seeking a change of environment, Maria and her mother traveled to Philadelphia in the winter of 1843-1844. Their stay proved transformative as they became acquainted with members of the Quaker community and engaged in discussions centered around the abolitionist movement. Their friendships strengthened Maria’s own commitment to the cause, which she would continue to champion throughout her life.
Maria White’s health was in decline, and in the hope of finding a cure, she and James Russell Lowell relocated to Philadelphia shortly after their marriage in December 1844. There, Maria’s involvement in movements against intemperance and slavery deepened, and she joined the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Her passion and conviction influenced her husband, who also became an outspoken abolitionist.
Despite her declining health, Maria White Lowell continued to write poetry. Her poems, marked by their emotional intensity and insightful observations, were privately printed two years after her death by her grieving husband, James Russell Lowell. These poems provided a glimpse into her inner thoughts and reflections on life, love, and social issues.
Maria White Lowell’s brief life was filled with dedication to social causes and a deep commitment to her husband and their shared ideals. She made significant contributions to the fight against intemperance and slavery, influencing not only those around her but also the trajectory of American society.