Born: 1865 (Tobermory, Mull)
Died: 1943
Biography:
Flora Philip (19 May 1865 – 14 August 1943) was a Scottish mathematician, renowned for her pioneering work in the field. She was one of the first women to receive a degree from the University of Edinburgh and the first female member of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society. Throughout her life, Flora Philip faced numerous challenges as a woman pursuing a career in mathematics, but her dedication, talent, and determination set her apart and paved the way for future generations of women in the field.
Flora Philip was born on 19 May 1865 in Tobermory, Mull, to William Philip, a civil engineer, and Isabella McDougall. From an early age, she displayed a keen aptitude for mathematics and a thirst for knowledge. After completing her primary education at Tain Academy, she moved to Edinburgh in 1883 to continue her studies.
At the time, Scottish universities did not admit women, so Flora enrolled with the Edinburgh Association for the University Education of Women, which provided higher education opportunities for women. In 1885, she received the University of Edinburgh Certificate in Arts from University Principal Sir William Muir. This certification acknowledged her outstanding achievements in English literature, ethics, mathematics, and physiology.
In 1889, the Universities (Scotland) Act was passed, finally allowing women to be admitted to Scottish universities. Taking advantage of this new opportunity, Flora matriculated at the University of Edinburgh and received her degree for her prior studies. On 13 April 1893, along with seven other women, she made history as one of the first female graduates of the University.
Flora’s determination to teach led her to St George’s Training College for Women Teachers, where she honed her skills. She then began her career as a teacher at the St George’s High School for Girls in Edinburgh. However, her teaching career was cut short when she married lawyer George Stewart in 1893. Despite leaving her teaching position, Flora continued to pursue her passion for mathematics.
In December 1886, Flora Philip became the first woman to join the Edinburgh Mathematical Society, even without a formal university degree. Her membership was a remarkable achievement, given the prevailing gender norms of the time. Although she withdrew her membership upon getting married, Flora remained the only woman member of the society.
In 1943, the University of Edinburgh held a special ceremony to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the graduation of the first group of women. Flora Philip, along with Maude Elizabeth Newbigin and Amelia Hutchison Stirling, were honored guests at the event. Sadly, Flora passed away later that year, leaving behind a legacy of perseverance and determination.
Flora Philip’s personal life was equally fulfilling. She married George Stewart in 1893, and together they had four children. Flora Philip Stewart passed away in 1943 at the age of 78 and was laid to rest in Dean Cemetery, leaving behind an enduring legacy as a trailblazer for women in mathematics.