Born: 1854 (Bukol, Bohemia, now part of Vojkovice)
Died: 1911
Biography:
Bohuslava Kecková (18 March 1854 – 17 October 1911) was a Bohemian physician, remembered as the first woman to earn a medical degree in what is now the Czech Republic. Her groundbreaking achievements paved the way for future generations of women in medicine and left an indelible mark on the history of women’s rights.
Born on 18 March 1854 in Bukol, Bohemia, which is now part of Vojkovice, Kecková was the middle daughter of Johanna Jany (née Kubičková) and Adolf Keckové. Her father, a farmer turned publisher, achieved success in the construction and building business after the family moved to Karlín, near Prague.
From a young age, Kecková demonstrated an exceptional aptitude for learning. She excelled in her studies at the Girl’s High School of Prague and was granted special permission to attend the regular gymnasium in Malá Strana. In 1874, she made history as the first woman in Czech lands to earn a secondary diploma, sparking widespread interest and admiration.
Kecková’s passion for medicine led her to enroll in the medical faculty at the University of Zurich in 1875. Due to restrictions on women studying medicine in Bohemia at the time, she, along with fellow countrywoman Anna Bayerová, traveled to Switzerland to pursue their dreams. However, the relationship between the two women was strained, and Bayerová eventually left Zurich to complete her education in Bern.
During her time in Zurich, Kecková’s dedication to medicine was evident. She became an assistant in the women’s clinic at the University Hospital of Zurich during her final year of studies. Kecková’s hard work paid off, and she earned her medical degree on 4 August 1880, becoming the first Czech woman to receive a medical certification.
Despite her accomplishments, Kecková faced numerous obstacles upon returning to Prague. Her medical degree was not recognized, and she was denied permission to register as a doctor. Undeterred, she pursued further education and obtained a midwifery degree in Vienna. This enabled her to practice in Prague for nearly a decade, providing valuable medical care to the community.
In 1892, Kecková’s dedication to medicine took her on a new journey. She was selected to provide medical care to Muslim women in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Initially appointed as a temporary doctor, she continued her service for three years before her position was made permanent in 1896. For the next eighteen years, Kecková devoted herself to providing medical services in the area surrounding Mostar. She compiled reports, taught hygiene and health education, and made a lasting impact on the local community.
Kecková’s contributions extended beyond her medical practice. Beginning in 1900, she also taught health classes at the girl’s high school and authored articles on health that appeared in women’s magazines in Bohemia. Her efforts to educate and empower women in matters of health reflected her unwavering commitment to improving the lives of others.
Bohuslava Kecková passed away on 17 October 1911, leaving behind a legacy of resilience and pioneering spirit. Her groundbreaking achievements as the first woman to earn a medical degree in the Czech Republic continue to inspire generations of women in medicine and stand as a testament to her indomitable spirit.