Biography:
Anna Lee Fisher, born Anna Lee Sims on August 24, 1949, is a renowned American chemist, emergency physician, and former NASA astronaut. Throughout her career, Fisher made significant contributions to the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station, and the Orion spacecraft programs. She holds the distinction of being the first mother to venture into space, solidifying her place as a pioneer in both space exploration and women’s history.
Fisher’s journey began at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where she obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry in 1971. Her academic pursuits continued as she pursued graduate studies in chemistry, focusing on X-ray crystallographic studies of metallocarboranes. However, her path took a turn when she transferred to the UCLA School of Medicine, earning her Doctor of Medicine degree in 1976. It was during her medical training that Fisher developed a passion for emergency medicine, choosing to specialize in this field.
In January 1978, Fisher achieved a significant milestone in her career when she was selected as an astronaut candidate for NASA Astronaut Group 8. This marked a historical moment as she became a member of the first group of NASA astronauts to include women. Fisher played a pivotal role in the development and testing of the Canadarm remote manipulator system, an instrumental component of space missions. Additionally, Fisher was involved in testing payload bay door contingency spacewalk procedures, demonstrating her dedication to ensuring the safety and success of space missions.
During her early years at NASA, Fisher fulfilled the role of search and rescue helicopter support for the first four Space Shuttle missions. In the subsequent four missions, she contributed to the verification of flight software at the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory (SAIL). Her commitment to the space program was evident as she assumed the responsibility of a Cape Crusader, supporting vehicle integration and payload testing at the Kennedy Space Center.
The pinnacle of Fisher’s career came on November 8, 1984, when she embarked on the Space Shuttle Discovery for the STS-51-A mission. During this historic voyage, Fisher utilized the Canadarm to retrieve two satellites that had been inadvertently placed in incorrect orbits. This notable achievement not only solidified Fisher’s reputation as an outstanding scientist and astronaut but also marked a significant milestone in the field of space exploration.
Following her momentous journey into space, Fisher took a leave of absence from 1989 to 1995 to raise her two children. Once she returned to the Astronaut Office, her expertise contributed to the development of procedures and training for the International Space Station (ISS). From January 2011 to August 2013, Fisher served as a capsule communicator (CAPCOM) and eventually became the lead CAPCOM for ISS Expedition 33. Additionally, she made vital contributions to the development of the display for the Orion spacecraft until her retirement from NASA in April 2017.
Fisher’s impact extends beyond her scientific achievements. Throughout her career, she defied traditional gender roles and shattered barriers, demonstrating that women possess the skill, intellect, and perseverance necessary for space exploration. Her role as the first mother to venture into space exemplifies the resilience and determination of women, inspiring generations of young girls to pursue their dreams and conquer new frontiers.