Born: June 13, 1873 (Manhattan, Kansas)
Died: August 17, 1957
Biography:
Alice Stebbins Wells (June 13, 1873 – August 17, 1957) was a trailblazing figure in American law enforcement history. She became one of the first American-born female police officers when she was hired by the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) in 1910.
Born in Manhattan, Kansas, Alice Wells had an impressive education, graduating from Oberlin College and Hartford Theological Seminary. It was during her time at the seminary that she conducted a study, which revealed a significant need for women officers in law enforcement. This study fueled her determination to pursue a career in police work.
Before joining the LAPD, Wells served as a minister in Kansas and was an active member of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union. Her experiences in these roles further ignited her passion for social justice and the empowerment of women.
In 1910, after a long battle of petitioning and gathering support from the community, Wells finally achieved her goal of becoming the first female police officer in the LAPD. Her appointment came after overwhelming pressure from citizens, which compelled the mayor, police commissioner, and city council to accept her into the force. Wells’ appointment marked a historic milestone, as she was classified under civil service, ensuring her place in law enforcement.
Equipped with a telephone call box key, a police rule book, a first aid book, and the coveted Policewoman’s Badge Number One, Wells embarked on her groundbreaking career. She took it upon herself to hand-sew her own police uniform, which became the first official police woman’s uniform in the United States. Consisting of a floor-length dress and jacket in khaki, this uniform symbolized both her professionalism and devotion to her duties. Today, a replica of this iconic outfit is displayed at The Los Angeles Police Historical Society Museum.
Initially, Wells was partnered with the LAPD’s first juvenile officer, making her responsible for supervising skating rinks, dance halls, and interacting with female members of the public. She quickly became an influential figure and, as a result of her efforts, young women could now only be questioned by female police officers.
Despite her accomplishments, Wells faced numerous challenges. As a sworn officer, she was not permitted to carry a gun, unlike her male counterparts. However, this did not deter her from making a significant impact on society. Inspired by her success, other cities and even foreign countries began hiring female police officers. In 1912, Wells established the International Policewomen’s Association, further solidifying her role as a global advocate for female officers.
Within the LAPD, Wells paved the way for other women to join the force. Within two years of her hiring, two additional female officers were sworn in, and all female officers came under the purview of the Civil Service. By 1915, Wells had influenced the hiring of female police officers in sixteen other cities and several countries.
It took nine years for the LAPD to hire its first African American policewoman, Georgia Ann Robinson, in 1919. Wells’ legacy was marked by her dedication to serving youth in need and providing support to women who may not feel comfortable speaking to male officers.
Alice Stebbins Wells was a pioneer in women’s history, breaking down barriers and challenging the gender norms of her time. Her determination, courage, and unwavering commitment to justice continue to inspire future generations of women in law enforcement.