Biography:
Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére, also known as Marie-Jeanne, was a Haitian soldier who made significant contributions during the Haitian Revolution from 1791 to 1804. While little is known about her early life, she remains a prominent figure in Haitian history due to her bravery, skill, and remarkable dedication to the cause of independence.
Marie-Jeanne distinguished herself during the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot, which took place from March 4 to March 24, 1802. She fought alongside her husband, Louis Daure Lamartinière, and fearlessly confronted the French troops occupying the fort. Despite fighting in a male uniform, Marie-Jeanne stood proudly on the fort’s ramparts, armed with both a rifle and a sword.
Her striking appearance and exceptional skills as a soldier garnered her widespread admiration and respect. Marie-Jeanne’s marksmanship, particularly her ability to snipe wounded French soldiers with precision, earned her praise from her male counterparts. Her bravery and fearlessness greatly boosted the morale of her fellow soldiers, inspiring them to fight with renewed vigor.
Beyond her battlefield prowess, Marie-Jeanne also demonstrated compassion and care for her comrades. When not engaged in combat, she tirelessly nursed and attended to the injured soldiers. Despite the scarcity of resources, she generously shared her limited water supply, using a silver serving spoon that hung from her sash on a fine chain. This act of selflessness and empathy showcased her dedication to the well-being of her fellow fighters.
Tragically, Marie-Jeanne’s husband, Louis Daure Lamartinière, lost his life in battle in 1802. Her life after the achievement of independence remains largely unknown. However, a notable account suggests that Marie-Jeanne was in a relationship with Emperor Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who greatly admired her courage. Later, she is said to have married the officer Jean-Louis Larose. While these details are unverified, the account originates from a reliable contemporary source and was recounted by one of the soldiers who served alongside Marie-Jeanne at Crête-à-Pierrot.
Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére’s contributions to the Haitian Revolution shine a light on the remarkable role that women played in the struggle for liberation. Her bravery, skill, and unwavering dedication to her comrades has solidified her place in Haitian history as a symbol of resistance and strength. Marie-Jeanne’s legacy serves as an inspiration to future generations, highlighting the powerful and transformative impact that women can have on society.